I have learned many concepts and information from this chapter. These are types of information systems, competitive advantage and strategic information systems, importance of information systems and managing information resources. I summarized them as follows:
· Computer-based information systems (CBIS) use computer technology to perform some or all of their tasks and are composed of:
o Hardware is a device such as a processor, monitor, keyboard or printer.
o Software is a program or collection of programs that enable hardware to process data.
o Database is a collection of related files or tables containing data.
o Network is a connecting system (wireline or wireless) that permits different computers to share resources.
o Procedures are the set of instructions about how to combine the above components in order to process information and generate the desired output.
o People are those individuals who use the hardware and software, interface with it, or use its output.
· Capabilities of Information Systems:
o Perform high-speed, high-volume numerical computations
o Provide fast, accurate communication and collaboration within and among organizations.
o Store huge amounts of information in small space.
o Allow quick, inexpensive access to vast amounts of information worldwide.
o Interpret vast amounts of data quickly and efficiently.
o Increase effectiveness and efficiency of people working in groups in one place or around the world.
o Automate semiautomatic business process and manual tasks.
· Breadth of Support of Information Systems:
o Functional area information systems
o Enterprise resource planning systems
o Transaction processing systems
o Interorganizational information systems
· Information Systems Support for Organization Employees:
o Office automation systems
o Functional area information systems
o Business intelligence systems
o Expert Systems
o Dashboards
· Competitive Advantage: An advantage over competitors in some measure such as cost, quality, or speed, leads to control of a market and to larger-than average profits.
· Strategic Information Systems (SIS) provide a competitive advantage by helping an organization to implement its strategic goals and to increase its performance and productivity.
· The importance Information Systems to Organizations & Society:
o IT will reduce the number of middle managers.
o IT will change the manager’s job.
o IT impacts employees at work.
o IT provides quality-of-life improvements.
· Managing Information Resources
o During the early 1950s, Information Systems Department (ISD) managed ALL of the only computing resource, the mainframe. Today, computing resources are located through the organization and almost all employees use computers in their work. This system is known as end user computing.
· The Role of the IS Department
o The ISD is responsible for corporate-level and shared resources and for using IT to solve end users’ business problems. Also, End users are responsible for their own computing resources and departmental resources. Finally ISD and end users work together as partners to manage the IT resources.
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